Hepatitis A is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. The virus is primarily spread when an uninfected (and unvaccinated) person ingests food or water that is contaminated with the faeces of an infected person.

Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Hepatitis B is transmitted when blood, semen, or another body fluid from a person infected with the Hepatitis B virus enters the body of someone who is not infected. This can happen through sexual contact; sharing needles, syringes, or other drug-injection equipment; or from mother to baby at birth

Typhoid fever is a life-threatening illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi. In the United Kingdom, it is estimated that approximately 5,700 cases occur annually.

Rabies is a zoonotic disease (a disease that is transmitted to humans from animals) that is caused by a virus.

Meningococcal meningitis is an acute bacterial disease that can cause systemic infection. There are 13 different serogroups of meningitis of which groups B and C are most common in the UK.

Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The short incubation period of two hours to five days, enhances the potentially explosive pattern of outbreaks.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the most important cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. It is a mosquito-borne flavivirus, meaning it is related to dengue, yellow fever and West Nile viruses.

Yellow fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic disease transmitted by infected mosquitoes. The "Yellow" in the name refers to the jaundice that affects some patients.

Malaria is a serious tropical disease spread by mosquitoes. If malaria is not diagnosed and treated promptly, it can be fatal. A single mosquito bite is all it takes for someone to become infected.